# Brazil's Senate votes 75 to 1 to cap the workweek at 40 hours, 11 days before the presidential runoff

The constitutional amendment ends the six-day work schedule for up to 30 million workers, and business groups warn it will raise labor costs.

- Published: 2026-10-15T05:13:03.263Z
- Canonical: https://polylog.news/2026-10-15/brazil-s-senate-votes-75-to-1-to-cap-the-workweek-at-40-hour
- Publisher: Polylog (Global desk)
- Section: world
- Sources: [The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/15/brazil-cuts-work-week-to-40-hours-lula-bolsonaro-election-runoff), [Folha (Mercado)](https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mercado/2026/10/lula-comemora-aprovacao-no-senado-da-pec-do-fim-da-escala-6x1.shtml), [InfoMoney](https://www.infomoney.com.br/politica/quem-e-o-unico-senador-que-votou-contra-o-fim-da-escala-6x1-no-senado/), [Agência Brasil](https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/politica/noticia/2026-10/fim-da-6x1-saiba-quando-entra-em-vigor-nova-jornada-de-trabalho)

Brazil's Congress approved a constitutional amendment lowering the maximum workweek from 44 to 40 hours. It ends the "6x1" schedule, under which workers put in six days of work for every day off. The [Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/15/brazil-cuts-work-week-to-40-hours-lula-bolsonaro-election-runoff) reported that the change could affect up to 30 million workers. According to [InfoMoney](https://www.infomoney.com.br/politica/quem-e-o-unico-senador-que-votou-contra-o-fim-da-escala-6x1-no-senado/), the Senate approved it on Wednesday by 75 votes to 1. Former vice-president Hamilton Mourão cast the only vote against. Under the new rule, workers get two days off for every five worked, the state agency [Agência Brasil](https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/politica/noticia/2026-10/fim-da-6x1-saiba-quando-entra-em-vigor-nova-jornada-de-trabalho) reported.

The vote came just before the October 25 runoff between President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Flávio Bolsonaro. President Lula celebrated the result that night, [Folha reported](https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mercado/2026/10/lula-comemora-aprovacao-no-senado-da-pec-do-fim-da-escala-6x1.shtml). Bolsonaro, the Liberal Party candidate, voted in favor, but InfoMoney [noted](https://www.infomoney.com.br/politica/flavio-vota-pelo-fim-da-escala-6x1-mas-nao-participa-de-debates-sobre-a-pec/) that he missed all five Senate debate sessions and backed the measure after months of criticizing it. [Deutsche Welle](https://www.dw.com/en/brazil-to-shorten-workweek-in-win-for-lula-ahead-of-runoff/a-79664991) wrote that the measure could give Lula an advantage.

Employers have warned of the costs. Commerce and industry federations in Pernambuco state said the change could lead to [up to 71,000 layoffs](https://movimentoeconomico.com.br/trabalho/2026/08/31/fecomercio-fiepe-e-fetracan-alertam-para-ate-71-mil-demissoes-com-fim-da-6x1/) in that state alone. The amendment keeps wages unchanged while cutting hours, meaning employers pay more per hour worked unless productivity rises.

## What this means

The amendment writes a nationwide increase in hourly labor costs into the constitution, making it very difficult to reverse. Retail, services and small manufacturers with thin margins and many hourly workers are the most exposed, and can respond by raising prices, cutting jobs or shifting work into the informal economy. From a central bank's perspective, this is a supply-side cost increase, which makes it harder for Brazil's central bank to cut interest rates. Both candidates voted for the measure, so markets lose nothing by trying to anticipate the winner on this particular issue, consistent with the view that fiscal rules and congressional arithmetic drive Brazil's pricing more than the election outcome does. The common view treats the measure as a vote-winner with limited economic effect. The precedent points the other way: when France cut its workweek to 35 hours in 2000, it later had to soften the rule with overtime exemptions as labor costs rose. Our forward read: expect business pressure for compensating tax relief or transition rules within months, whoever wins on October 25. Brazil's local-rate market is likely to price in a slower path of rate cuts. Evidence that companies absorb the cost through productivity gains, without layoffs or price increases, would prove this wrong.

## What to watch

- The implementing rules and transition period for the 40-hour week. A long phase-in would reduce the near-term cost shock.
- The Central Bank of Brazil's next statement on wage-driven inflation. A reference to the reform would show it is affecting the path of rates.