# Democrats' midterm gains offer Asian exporters little near-term tariff relief because President Trump keeps his veto

Malaysian analysts expect current US trade measures to stay for some time, while commentators in Hong Kong and Buenos Aires say the new Congress will make relations with China harder and reflect voter anger over living costs.

- Published: 2026-11-06T09:38:00.817Z
- Canonical: https://polylog.news/2026-11-06/democrats-midterm-gains-offer-asian-exporters-little-near-te
- Publisher: Polylog (Global desk)
- Section: world
- Sources: [South China Morning Post (Malaysia)](https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3373541/why-malaysia-may-still-face-trade-uncertainty-after-us-midterms), [South China Morning Post (opinion)](https://www.scmp.com/opinion/world-opinion/article/3373368/democrats-blue-wave-means-rough-waters-ahead-us-china-relations), [Buenos Aires Times](https://www.batimes.com.ar/news/opinion-and-analysis/thumbs-down-for-donald-trump.phtml), [The Hindu](https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/making-sense-of-the-blue-shift-in-us-midterm-election-a-collection/article71673207.ece)

Malaysia had hoped Tuesday's election would bring a change in US trade policy. According to experts quoted by the [South China Morning Post](https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3373541/why-malaysia-may-still-face-trade-uncertainty-after-us-midterms), that change is unlikely for some time. A Democratic-led Congress that tries to reverse President Donald Trump's tariff measures will meet strong opposition from the president. Trump can veto any bill that rolls back tariffs. Overriding a veto requires two-thirds majorities in both chambers.

The legal basis for the tariffs has already changed once this year. In February, the US Supreme Court [ruled that tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) were unlawful](https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2026/06/24/malaysia-us-trade-sees-10-rise), including the 19% rate on Malaysian goods agreed in the October 2025 trade deal. The administration then turned to other statutes. One of them, Section 122 of the Trade Act, [allows tariffs for only 150 days unless Congress extends them](https://blogs.griffith.edu.au/asiainsights/malaysia-and-the-united-states-the-rise-and-fall-of-a-reciprocal-trade-agreement/). Each change of authority leaves exporters such as Malaysia, a large supplier of semiconductors and electronics to the United States, unsure which rate will apply next quarter.

Commentators outside the United States read the result in different ways. A [South China Morning Post opinion column](https://www.scmp.com/opinion/world-opinion/article/3373368/democrats-blue-wave-means-rough-waters-ahead-us-china-relations) argues that the Democratic gains mean a harder period for relations between Washington and Beijing, and it describes US politics as swinging between extremes. In Argentina, the [Buenos Aires Times](https://www.batimes.com.ar/news/opinion-and-analysis/thumbs-down-for-donald-trump.phtml) argues that Republicans lost heavily because they failed to defend the interests of the voters who backed them two years earlier. [The Hindu](https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/making-sense-of-the-blue-shift-in-us-midterm-election-a-collection/article71673207.ece) has collected its analysis of the "blue shift" and the key state races. The state races are the ones markets reacted to this week, through the data-center plans of incoming governors.

## What this means

Trade policy runs through executive authority, and the election did not change who holds it. Trump keeps the veto, so tariffs stay in place unless courts strike down their legal basis or Congress declines to extend time-limited authorities. A Democratic Congress has more influence over that second channel than over repeal. Exporters in Malaysia, Vietnam and Thailand, and the US importers that buy from them, face two more years of rates that change with each court ruling and each expiring statute. That raises the value of production inside the United States or in countries with negotiated rates. The consensus expected the midterms to bring trade relief. The more likely change is a Congress that combines skepticism of tariffs on allies with a harder line on China, which keeps chip and electronics supply chains under pressure. The precedent is 2019 and 2020, when a Democratic House pushed through the USMCA (the revised North American trade agreement) with labor clauses rather than undoing the China tariffs. The likelier outcome is no general tariff rollback before 2029, and possibly targeted relief for allied suppliers negotiated deal by deal over the next year. That read depends on courts not striking down the remaining authorities. A new Supreme Court ruling against the administration's fallback statutes would bring relief faster than Congress could.

## What to watch

- Whether the new Congress declines to extend any time-limited tariff authority. Letting one lapse is the fastest legal route to lower rates.
- Court challenges to the statutes that replaced the emergency tariffs. Another ruling against the administration would change rates for Malaysian and other Asian exporters.
- Democratic bills aimed at Chinese chips, data, or investment. Measures of that kind would show that a change in party control does not mean a softer line on Beijing.