BRICS States Condemn the European Union's Carbon Border Tax as a Trade Barrier

Environment ministers of the BRICS group condemned the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), a levy on imports of emissions-intensive goods, and called for a substantial increase in international funding to help developing countries adapt to climate change, The Hindu reported.

The mechanism applies carbon-linked charges to imported steel, cement, fertiliser and aluminium. Brussels presents it as a way to stop European producers from being undercut by manufacturers in countries with weaker carbon pricing. The BRICS position, argued through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change's principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, is that the levy shifts the cost of European climate policy onto developing-country exporters that contributed the least to the emissions now in the atmosphere.

At the same forum, Indonesian Environment Minister Moh Jumhur Hidayat pressed for collective responsibility on climate action, a framing that puts the emphasis on transfers to affected countries rather than on trade restrictions imposed by importers.

The dispute itself is not new, but the timing now is. The carbon charges take effect on physical goods in 2026, converting a long-running diplomatic argument into a measurable cost on specific shipments. The United States ambassador to the European Union has separately called the mechanism protectionist, and Brussels has publicly defended it. A tariff justified by climate policy still functions as a tariff in its effect on trade flows, and the countries paying it are organizing a response.